3-25
n:     Overtone number
C0:   Static capacitance
C1:   Motional capacitance
C1n:  C1 of n-th overtone
L1:    Motional inductance
L1n:   L1 of n-th overtone
R1:   Motional resistance
R1n:  R1 of n-th overtone
e:      Dielectric permittivity of quartz
         »40 pF/m (average)
A:     Electrode area
t:      Plate thickness
r:      Capacitance ratio
r’:     f1/fn
fs:     Series resonance frequency »fR
fa:     Antiresonance frequency
Q;     Quality factor
t1:     Motional time constant
w:     Angular frequency = 2pf
j:     Phase angle of the impedance
k;     Piezoelectric coupling factor
        =8.8% for AT-cut, 4.99% for SC
Equivalent Circuit Parameter Relationships
   In the last row, the r’ is the ratio between the fundamental mode and the n-th overtone frequencies.  For example, when comparing the parameters of a 10 MHz fundamental mode and a 10 MHz 3rd overtone (of similar design), r’ = 1, and when comparing the parameters of a 10 MHz fundamental mode resonator when excited at the fundamental mode, and when excited at the 3rd overtone frequency, i.e., at ~30 MHz, r’ = 3.